Evol Ecol Res 3: 429-439 (2001)     Full PDF if your library subscribes.

An ESS model for the mixed production of cleistogamous and chasmogamous flowers in a facultative cleistogamous plant

Michiko Masuda, Tetsukazu Yahara‡ and Masayuki Maki§

Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153, Japan

Address all correspondence to Michiko Masuda, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan.
e-mail: masuda@dpc.ehime-u.ac.jp

ABSTRACT

We have developed resource allocation models for the evolution of a mixed production of cleistogamous and chasmogamous flowers. The basic model takes into account the features associated with cleistogamous self-pollination (e.g. the greater economy and assurance of cleistogamous fertilization) and the inability of cleistogamous flowers to contribute to the outcrossed pollen pool. The basic model predicts that only one of each strategy (i.e. chasmogamy or cleistogamy) is favoured. However, when seasonal fluctuation of the fruit-to-flower ratio of chasmogamous flowers is considered, an evolutionarily stable strategy favours either cleistogamous or chasmogamous flower production. This fluctuation in fertility may explain the seasonally discrete production of dimorphic flowers in natural populations of some facultative cleistogamous plants. The simultaneous production of both of the dimorphic flowers is explained only when the effect of geitonogamous selfing of chasmogamous flowers is included in the model.

Keywords: chasmogamy, evolutionarily stable strategy, facultative cleistogamy, geitonogamy, resource allocation model, seasonal variation.

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        © 2001 Michiko Masuda. All EER articles are copyrighted by their authors. All authors endorse, permit and license Evolutionary Ecology Ltd. to grant its subscribing institutions/libraries the copying privileges specified below without additional consideration or payment to them or to Evolutionary Ecology, Ltd. These endorsements, in writing, are on file in the office of Evolutionary Ecology, Ltd. Consult authors for permission to use any portion of their work in derivative works, compilations or to distribute their work in any commercial manner.

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